The word originally referred only to the province of Finland Proper, and later to the northern coast of Gulf of Finland, with northern regions such as Ostrobothnia still being sometimes excluded until later. Gothic guma, Latin homo) has been suggested, being borrowed as * ćoma. Alternatively, the Indo-European word * gʰm-on "man" (cf. In addition to the close relatives of Finnish (the Finnic languages), this name is also used in the Baltic languages Latvian and Lithuanian.
The name Suomi (Finnish for "Finland") has uncertain origins, but a candidate for a cognate is the Proto-Baltic word *źemē, meaning "land".
It has the inscription finlandi (G 319) and dates from the 13th century.
The third was found in Gotland, in the Baltic Sea. Two were found in the Swedish province of Uppland and have the inscription finlonti (U 582). The name "Finland" appears on three rune-stones. It has also been ranked as one of the world's countries with the highest quality of life. According to some measures, Finland has the best educational system in Europe and has recently been ranked as one of the world's most peaceful and economically competitive countries. Thereafter, economic development was rapid, such that today, with a nominal per-capita income of over $49,000 (2011), Finland is one of the world's wealthiest nations. During this time, it built an extensive welfare state.įinland was a relative latecomer to industrialisation, remaining a largely agrarian country until the 1950s. Following the end of the war, Finland joined the United Nations in 1955, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 1969, the European Union in 1995 and the eurozone at its inception in 1999. Finland's experience of World War II involved three separate conflicts: the Winter War (1939–1940) and Continuation War (1941–1944) against the Soviet Union and the Lapland War (1944–1945) against Nazi Germany. After a brief attempt to establish a monarchy in the country, Finland became a republic. This prompted the Finnish Declaration of Independence, which was followed by a civil war where the pro-Bolshevik "Reds" were defeated by the pro-conservative "Whites" with support from the German Empire. It then became an autonomous Grand Duchy within the Russian Empire until the Russian Revolution. Other larger cities include Tampere, Turku, Oulu, Jyväskylä, Lahti and Kuopio.įrom the 12th until the start of the 19th century, Finland was a part of Sweden. About one million residents live in the Greater Helsinki area (consisting of Helsinki, Espoo, Kauniainen and Vantaa) and a third of the country's GDP is produced there. Politically, it is a parliamentary republic with a central government based in the capital of Helsinki, local governments in 336 municipalities and an autonomous region, the Åland Islands. In terms of area, it is the eighth largest country in Europe and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. It is bordered by Sweden to the west, Norway to the north and Russia to the east, while Estonia lies to the south across the Gulf of Finland.Īn estimated 5.4 million people live in Finland, with the majority concentrated in its southern regions.
0 kommentar(er)
